What is the Common Cold, and What Causes It?
By Dr Naveed Asif
The common cold is a viral infection that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by various viruses, with rhinoviruses being the most common. Colds are highly contagious and can spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face.
Do Antibiotics Work Against Viruses Like the Cold? If Not, Why?
Antibiotics are designed to combat bacterial infections, not viral ones like the common cold. Since colds are caused by viruses, antibiotics do not help. Using antibiotics for viral infections not only fails to provide relief but can also contribute to side effects, most commly stomach upset, and antibiotic resistance, making it harder to fight bacterial infections in the future.
Why Do Many People Ask Pharmacists for Antibiotics to Cure a Cold?
A common misconception exists that antibiotics can help with colds, leading many individuals to request them from pharmacists. This belief may stem from past experiences where antibiotics were prescribed for other illnesses or a misunderstanding of the difference between viral and bacterial infections. Additionally, the desire for a quick fix to alleviate symptoms may drive this demand.
What Symptoms of a Cold Are Often Confused with Bacterial Infections?
Symptoms of a cold include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, sneezing, and mild body aches. These symptoms can sometimes overlap with those of bacterial infections, such as strep throat or sinusitis, particularly if the cold progresses or is accompanied by a high fever. This confusion can lead individuals to mistakenly believe they need antibiotics.
What Are the Potential Risks of Taking Antibiotics Unnecessarily?
Taking antibiotics when they are not needed can lead to several risks. The most significant concern is the development of antibiotic resistance, which occurs when bacteria evolve to withstand the effects of these medications. This can result in more severe infections that are harder to treat. Other potential side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances, allergic reactions, and disruption of the body’s natural microbiome.
What Should People Do Instead to Recover from a Cold?
To recover from a cold, individuals should focus on supportive care. Staying hydrated, getting plenty of rest, and using over-the-counter medications to relieve symptoms can be effective. Warm fluids, such as teas and soups, can soothe a sore throat and help alleviate congestion. Humidifiers and saline nasal sprays may also provide comfort.
When is it Appropriate to Use Antibiotics for Respiratory Symptoms?
Antibiotics are appropriate when there is clear evidence of a bacterial infection, such as bacterial pneumonia or a confirmed case of strep throat. If respiratory symptoms persist for more than ten days or worsen after initially improving, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider for an assessment, who can determine if antibiotics are necessary based on symptoms and clinical examination.
Enquire now
Web Enquiry LGP: Web Enquiry
Phone: 020 7935 1000
Email: info@thelondongeneralpractice.com
The London General Practice offers a number of screening services. To find out more about all screening services available at The London General Practice click below.
